Discipline for Softies

According to an article in the June 2012 issue of Parent magazine, much of the heavy lifting of discipline comes before misbehavior happens, not after.  Having a few well-thought-out guidelines will result in fewer instances where you need to be the bad guy.

Step 1: Be Realistic  Setting reasonable expectations means first understanding what your child is developmentally capable of.  For instance, 3-year-old lack the maturity and social awareness to share consistently.  If you insist on sharing at this age, you'll only end up fighting.  For more info on age-appropriate behavior, go to parents.com/behavior-expectations. 

Step 2: Know Yourself  Only set rules that you're willing to go to the wall for every time, like no hitting.  You may dream of a world where your kids make their bed each day, but if you know you'll give in when they push back, scrap bed-making as a requirement or amend the rule in a way you can get behind (such as saying that beds must get made but you'll help).

Step 3: Make It Official  Call a family meeting to collaborate on a few essential house rules that everyone can agree to.  Let kids contribute every step of the way, offering ideas, decorating the list, and choosing a spot to post it.  Then, if they break a rule, you can direct them back to the agreement they helped create.

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An Autism Advancement

Simple imitation exercises can help young children with autism boost their social skills, found a recent Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders study.  After a series of treatments using the technique, kids made significant improvement in bringing their parent's attention to an object through gestures and eye contact.  If your child has autism, try this at least a few times a day.

Step 1: Pullout similar toys for you both to play with, such as tow stuffed animals or a couple of trains

Step 2: Watch your child's sounds and movements, and copy them.  If he/she makes her stuffed animal jump in the air, let yours do the same.  Continue this for one or two minutes.

Step 3: Switch roles and model something new to do with the toy, such as running the train up your leg.  Repeat this three times to encourage your child to imitate you.  If he/she does follow your movements, praise him/her and return to copying their actions.  If not, gently guide them through the imitation.

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Prevent Baby's Allergies

According to an article in the June 2012 issue of Parent magazine, if one parent has an allergy, chances are one in three that their child will too.  Below are ideas that may cut your child's odds of developing allergies:

1. Eat your "d": One Finnish study found that kids of women with a diet high in vitamin D during pregnancy were less likely to have asthma of allergies by age 5.  Your doctor can tell you whether you should add more D to your diet.  Some great sources: fortified orange juice, milk, and salmon.

2. Pop Probiotics:  Women who took them in their third trimester and then gave same supplement to their

baby for six months postpartum had newborns with blood markers that correlate with a lower allergy risk, one study found.  Ask your doctor about probiotics and which ones might be good for you both.

3. Avoid Cigarette Smoke: Studies show that moms who are cigarette smokers or regularly inhale secondhand smoke while pregnant are more likely to have children with respiratory allergies.

4. Choose a vaginal delivery: Researchers have found a correlation between cesarean section and childhood allergies.

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Quick and Healthy Foods for Kids

Kids are always hungry. Melinda Johnson, spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association and owner of the company Nutrition for Slackers (http://www.slackersnutrition.blogspot/ ), suggest quick, easy, and healthy ideas for meals and snacks for kids.


Morning Starters:

1. Oatmeal made with skim milk and raisins
2. Frozen waffles with frozen berries and walnuts
3. String cheese with a piece of fruit and wheat crackers
4. Scrambled eggs with low-fat cheese wrapped in a tortilla
5. Hummus with celery sticks and wheat pita
6. Toasted English muffin with tomato sauce and cheese
7. Fruit smoothie with frozen fruit and yogurt

Afternoon Snack

1. Fresh whole fruit
2. Low-fat string cheese
3. Prepackaged fruit cup in fruit juice or water
4. Homemade trail mix
5. Carrot/celery sticks with low-fat ranch
6. Oatmeal-raisin cookie

Evening Snack

1. Small bowl of cereal with skim milk
2. Plain yogurt with honey and sunflowers
3. Cottage cheese with pineapples
4. Hot chocolate made with skim milk
5. Slice of wheat toast with nut butter
6. 1 cup of air-popped corn sprinkled with Parmesan cheese

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Why Common Bugs are Necessary for Kids

In Praise of Germs: Why Common Bugs are Necessary for Kids

By Art Caplan, Ph.D.


Attention, germaphobes. Exposure to the microscopic bugs is crucial for keeping kids healthy, according to new research in the prestigious journal Science. The study strongly supports a growing body of evidence that you need to put away the disinfectant and expose children to the real world of germs and microbes.

Scientists Richard S. Blumberg and Dennis L. Kasper and a team of researchers at Harvard Medical School showed that in mice exposure to germs in early life helped reduce the body’s inventory of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. These cells help protect us against diseases like inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. But, if there are too many of them with too much time on their hands, they can actually cause these conditions. By exposing young mice to common microbes the scientists saw that the animals were protected from accumulating T cells -- and were healthier than those who were not.

The scientists reached an admittedly geeky conclusion: “These results indicate that age-sensitive contact with commensal microbes is critical for establishing mucosal iNKT cell tolerance to later environmental exposures,” they wrote in the journal Science. In other words, exposing baby mice to common germs got their immune systems appropriately busy and able to not over-react when encountering nasty bugs and other biological stuff later in life.

This is a big deal.

The rapid rise in food allergies, asthma and other immunological diseases is due, at least in part, to our modern obsession with cleanliness, scientists increasingly believe. The 'hygiene hypothesis', first advanced in 1989 by the British epidemiologist David Strachan, contends that these diseases are becoming more common because young children are not exposed to them at an early age. We spend so effort trying to prevent exposure to germs with antibiotics, antibacterials and soaps that letting kids get dirty seems like a violation of basic parental duty.

Parents are constantly being told to make their kitchens spotless, to kill 99.9 per cent of the germs lurking in their bathrooms and to wash themselves and their babies all the time.

This world of purity sounds good but it does not fit how we are designed. We are meant to encounter some microbes and dirt when we are young. It is how we built our immune systems. We need a certain amount of grunginess as kids to be healthy adults.

As the Harvard study shows, filth can be good -- at least in tiny amounts when you are very young.

Arthur Caplan, Ph.D., is a Professor in the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania.

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10 Sugar Bombs Healthier Than Children's Cereal

10 Sugar Bombs Healthier Than Children's Cereal

According to an article from msn.health.com, you wouldn’t serve Oreos or ice cream sandwiches for breakfast, but you’re ingesting a similar amount of sugar when you eat some kids’ cereals

By Emily G. W. Chau

 

Sweet Scott!

A Twinkie is hardly the breakfast of champions, but it turns out that the much-maligned childhood favorite contains less sugar than a bowl of Honey Smacks. According to a report from the Environmental Working Group, a number of cereals pack at least as much sugar as cookies, candies, and cakes—turning the most important meal of the day into another opportunity for dessert. (Search: Healthy breakfast ideas) To show just how bad children’s cereal can be, we’ve rounded up 10 surprising foods that contain fewer grams of sugar than the worst cereal offenders.* The findings are hardly sweet.

Twinkies

You might not believe it, but these golden cakes contain less sugar than a bowl of Honey Smacks. Twinkies pack a whopping 18 g of sugar per roll, but the Kellogg’s breakfast cereal contains more—a full 20 g of sugar per cup.

Klondike Ice Cream Sandwich

If you’re shoveling spoonfuls of Golden Crisps into your mouth for breakfast, you might as well be eating dessert. One cup of Golden Crisps contains more sugar than a Klondike ice cream sandwich (18.7 g vs. 16 g).

Milano Double Chocolate Cookies

Holy sugar bomb, Batman! You can chomp down two Milano Double Chocolate cookies and still get less of a sugar rush than if you ate 1 cup of Froot Loops Marshmallow cereal. Two cookies contain 10 g of sugar, while the cereal has 14 g per cup, or one extra teaspoon of sugar.

Ho Hos

Ho Hos are hardly healthy, but one of these chocolate and cream rolls contains one less gram of sugar than a bowl of Cap’n Crunch’s OOPS! All Berries (14 g vs. 15 g). Oops is right.

Jolly Ranchers

Finish off four of these suckers and you’ve still got sugar to spare compared to a bowl of original Cap’n Crunch. Essentially pure sugar, four Jolly Ranchers contain 14.7 g; a bowl of the Cap’n contains 16 g.

Pixy Stix

Pour seven Pixy Stix down your throat and you’ve almost eaten as much sugar as if you munched on a cup of Oh!s—but not quite. While a fistful of sugar sticks contains 15 g of sugar, a bowl of the seemingly innocuous Oh!s packs 16 g.

Chips Ahoy

You’re practically eating spoonfuls of sugar—or cookies—if you pour yourself some Kellogg’s Smorz cereal. One cup of the chocolaty, marshmallow-y cereal has two more grams of sugar than three Chips Ahoy cookies (13 g vs 11 g).

Krispy Kreme Glazed Doughnut

Nothing says sugar overload quite like a Krispy Kreme doughnut fresh out of the oven, but fact is, a cup of Apple Jacks contains more of the sweet stuff. While a doughnut will set you back 10 g of sugar, the appley Os sneak in 12 g per cup.

Oreos

Any way you twist ‘em, three Oreos actually have fewer grams of sugar than a cup of Cap’n Crunch’s Crunch Berries (14 g vs 14.7 g).

Starbucks Iced Caffe Latte

Coffee drinks get a bad rap for packing hidden sugars—and for good reason. However, kid’s cereal can sneak in even more. Who knew, but a grande iced caffe latte actually has one less gram of sugar than a bowl of original Froot Loops.

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Winter Cold, Meet Your Match

Winter Cold, Meet Your Match

By Samatha B. Cassetty, M.S., R. D., GHRI Nutrition Director

Sip a berry smoothie, and fight the sniffles. While recent roundup of more than 30 research studies conclude that taking vitamin C supplements doesn't decrease the number of colds people are hit with, a new study from Karolinska Institute in Sweden found that getting the nutrient from food helps a lot: Women whose diet includes more than 200 mg of vitamin C per day had a 49% lower chance of coming down with a cold or the flu than those who consumed less than 100 mg.  Reaching the virus-fighting level is as easy as having a smoothie made with 1 cup of frozen strawberries for breakfast (61 mg), three red pepper rings in a lunchtime turkey wrap (38 mg), and a cup of cooked broccoli at dinner (101 mg). 

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Your Child's Cough: Part 2

Your Child's Cough: Part 2

When to Call the Doctor

Most childhood coughs are nothing to be worried about. However, call your doctor if your child:

-has trouble breathing or is working hard to breathe

-is breathing more quickly than usual

-has a blue or dusky color to the lips, face, or tongue

-has a high fever (especially if your child is coughing but does NOT have a runny or stuffy nose)

-has any fever and is less than 3 months old

-is an infant (3 months old or younger) who has been coughing for more than a few hours

-makes a "whooping" sound when breathing in after coughing

-is coughing up blood

-has stridor (a noisy or musical sound) when breathing in

-has wheezing when breathing out (unless you already have a home asthma care plan from your doctor)

-is weak, cranky, or irritable

-is dehydrated

What Your Doctor Will Do
One of the best ways to diagnose a cough is by listening. Knowing what the cough sounds like will help your doctor decide how to treat your child. The treatment for different types of coughs can vary, based on the cause.

Because most coughs are caused by viruses, doctors usually do not give antibiotics for a cough. A cough caused by a virus just needs to run its course. A viral infection can last for as long as 2 weeks.

Unless a cough won't let your child sleep, cough medicines are not needed. They might help a child stop coughing, but do not treat the cause of the cough. If you do choose to use an over-the-counter (OTC) cough medicine, call the doctor to be sure of the correct dose and to make sure it's safe for your child.

Do not use OTC combination medicines like "Tylenol Cold" — they have more than one medicine in them, and kids can have more side effects and are more likely to get an overdose of the medicine.

Cough medicines are not recommended for children under age 4.

Home Treatment
Here are some ways to help your child feel better:

If your child has asthma, make sure you have an asthma care plan from your doctor. The plan should help you choose the right asthma medicines to give.

For a "barky" or "croupy" cough, turn on the hot water in the shower in your bathroom and close the door so the room will steam up. Then, sit in the bathroom with your child for about 20 minutes. The steam should help your child breathe more easily. Try reading a book together to pass the time.

A cool-mist humidifier in your child's bedroom might help with sleep.

Sometimes a brief exposure to the cool air of the outdoors can relieve the cough. Make sure to dress your child appropriately for the outdoor weather and try this for 10-15 minutes.

Cool beverages like juice can be soothing and it is important to keep your child hydrated. But do not give soda or orange juice, as these can hurt a throat that is sore from coughing.

You should not give your child (especially a baby or toddler) OTC cough medicine without first checking with your doctor.

Cough drops are OK for older kids, but kids younger than 3 years old can choke on them. It's better to avoid cough drops unless your doctor says that they're safe for your child.

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